General information about required capabilities for the custom post type:
http://shinephp.com/capabilities-set-for-custom-post-type/
The key capability to get access to the 'Posts' or the custom post type menu, like 'Envira' is the 'edit_posts', or 'edit_enviras'. WordPress check this capability before decide to show menu or not.
'edit_published_posts' is the additional capability which extends permissions and allows edit posts with 'Published' status.